Objective To compare the clinical effects of fixed denture and removable denture in oral repair. Methods Sixty patients who underwent prosthodontics in our hospital from June 2021 to June 2022 were selected as the study subjects. They were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method, with 30 cases in each group. The control group was repaired with fixed denture, and the observation group was repaired with removable denture. The clinical efficacy, clinical related indicators and quality of life of the two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the observation group was 96.67%, which was higher than 80.00% in the control group (P <0.05). The oral function recovery time and treatment time of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group (P <0.05). The scores of all dimensions of quality of life in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion The application effect of removable denture in oral repair treatment is better than that of fixed denture, which can effectively improve the related symptoms of patients, promote the rapid recovery of oral function, and has positive significance for improving the quality of life of patients.