Exosomes are small vesicles secreted by almost all cells, which are produced by cells through exocytosis and act on target cells to produce effects. Exosomes can transmit a variety of biological signals, participate in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, and can also be used as biomarkers, therapeutic drugs, drug carriers, therapeutic targets, etc. Therefore exosomes are also important in related fields of dermatology. This article reviews the research progress of exosomes and exosomes in dermatological diseases, in order to provide new strategies and possibilities for the diagnosis and treatment of dermatological diseases.