With the changes in lifestyle and eye habits of people in recent years, the global incidence of high myopia has shown a significant upward trend. In the process of disease development, high myopia is closely related to the incidence of cataract disease, and gradually develops into a younger state, causing serious damage to the visual acuity of patients. At the same time, high myopia combined with special pathological changes can lead to higher incidence of complications after surgical treatment than ordinary cataract patients. The patients have higher requirements for postoperative visual quality, which is a great challenge for clinicians. In this regard, we should pay close attention to the surgical treatment of patients with high myopia and cataract, so as to improve the visual acuity of patients. In this paper, the correlation between high myopia and cataract is analyzed, and the related treatment methods and complications are expounded, so as to enhance the cognition of high myopia combined with cataract, deeply grasp the relationship between the two and the possible complications, in order to provide reference for its treatment.