Objective To explore the application effect of individual nursing in patients undergoing autologous fat transplantation for breast augmentation during perioperative period. Methods A total of 90 patients who underwent autologous fat transplantation for breast augmentation in our hospital from January 2022 to March 2023 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 45 patients in each group. The control group was given routine nursing, and the observation group was given individual nursing. The incidence of postoperative complications, psychological status, pain degree, treatment compliance, hospitalization time and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was 6.67%, which was lower than 24.44% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The SAS score, SDS score and VAS score of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The treatment compliance score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the hospitalization time was shorter than that of the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was 95.56%, which was higher than 80.00% of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The application of individual nursing in patients undergoing autologous fat transplantation for breast augmentation during perioperative period is effective, which can effectively regulate the adverse psychological status of patients, reduce pain, improve their compliance, reduce the incidence of complications, improve patient satisfaction, shorten the treatment time, and promote recovery. It is worthy of clinical application