Objective To explore the oral status of adolescents before and after orthodontics, and to formulate corresponding preventive measures, so as to achieve the purpose of promoting their healthy growth. Methods A total of 170 adolescent orthodontic patients in our hospital were selected as the observation group, and they were randomly divided into two groups according to age, including 15-20 years old as the youth group and 8-14 years old as the juvenile group, with 85 patients in each group. At the same time, 85 middle school students in the city were randomly selected as the control group. The oral health status, mastery of oral health care and oral health knowledge before and after orthodontics were analyzed. Results The prevalence of dental caries, gingivitis and flling rate in the juvenile group were higher than those in the control group, and the average value of dental caries and the number of dental caries were higher than those in the control group, the di?erences were statistically signifcant (P<0.05). The prevalence and flling rate of dental caries in the youth group were higher than those in the control group, and the number of dental caries was higher than that in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no signifcant di?erence in the correct brushing and cleaning of teeth/half a year before and after orthodontic treatment between the observation group and the control group (P>0.05). The observation group before and after orthodontic tooth brushing ≥3 min, brushing times ≥3 times, ?uoride mouthwash/week was better than the control group, the di?erence was statistically signifcant (P<0.05). The awareness rate of oral health care knowledge in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, the di?erence was statistically signifcant (P<0.05). Conclusion Health education for adolescents during orthodontics can improve their cognition of oral health knowledge and help them develop good habits. At the same time, it is necessary to comprehensively follow up for targeted guidance and prevention to promote the physical and mental health of adolescents.