To explore the application effect of resin veneer and porcelain veneer in aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth. Methods A total of 86 patients with aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth admitted to Luohe Second People's Hospital from April 2022 to April 2023 were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 43 patients in each group. The control group was repaired with resin veneer, and the observation group was repaired with porcelain veneer. The excellent and good rate of repair, tooth function, aesthetics and discoloration tooth repair were compared between the two groups. Results The excellent and good rate of repair in the observation group was 95.35%, which was higher than 79.07% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). After repair, masticatory efficiency and aesthetics of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). The repair effect scores of discoloration teeth such as coloring, wear, breaking and shedding, gingival reaction and pulp reaction in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion In the aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth, compared with resin veneer, porcelain veneer has more advantages in improving the aesthetics of patients' repaired teeth, which is helpful to promote the improvement of repair quality, and is worthy of clinical application.