Facial deformities are common in clinical practice, the causes of which are related to congenital developmental disorders, trauma and aging, etc. Depressed deformities, soft tissue loss and other conditions affect the facial beauty of patients. Autologous fat transplantation is a minimally invasive surgery in which the patient's own adipose tissue is transplanted into the facial area. In recent years, autologous fat transplantation technology has made stage progress in facial plastic surgery. This article reviews the current status of autologous fat transplantation technology and its application in facial plastic surgery, so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment