To explore the clinical effect and safety of combined resection of tarsal plate and levator palpebrae superioris in the treatment of patients with severe ptosis. Methods A total of 60 patients with severe ptosis admitted to the Department of Plastic Surgery of Shuyang Wangyang Clinic in Suqian City from September 2020 to December 2022 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 30 patients in each group. The control group was treated with frontal muscle suspension, and the observation group was treated with combined resection of meibomian and levator palpebrae superioris. The correction effect, quality of life, satisfaction and complications were compared between the two groups. Results The effective rate of correction in the observation group was 93.33%, which was higher than 70.00% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The scores of physiological function, physiological function, physical pain, general health, vitality, social function, emotional function and mental health in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). The treatment satisfaction score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was 6.67%, which was lower than 33.33% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The combined resection of tarsal plate and levator palpebrae superioris is effective in correcting severe ptosis, and the incidence of postoperative complications is low. Meanwhile, it can improve patient satisfaction and quality of life.