Objective To explore the application effect of process optimization nursing in nursing quality man agement of oral and maxillofacial surgery outpatient department. Methods A total of 70 patients admitted to the outpatient department of oral and maxillofacial surgery in our hospital from September 2020 to September 2022 were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 35 patients in each group. The control group was given routine nursing, and the observation group was given process optimization nursing. The nursing quality, treatment time, outpatient service evaluation and adverse events were compared between the two groups. Results The scores of environmental quality, process order, service attitude and operation technology in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The registration time, examination time, medication time and payment time of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group (P <0.05). The evaluation scores of treatment process, service attitude, treatment environment, service level, health education and humanistic care service in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The incidence of adverse events in the observation group was 2.86%, which was lower than 20.00% in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Process optimization nursing in oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic can not only improve the quality of nursing, but also shorten the time of treatment, improve the level of nursing service in surgical clinic and reduce the incidence of adverse events.