Objective To investigate the effect of recombinant human epidermal growth factor on wound repair after laser surgery. Methods From April 2022 to June 2023, 80 patients who underwent fractional laser treatment in the dermatology department of our hospital were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group and study group by random number table method, with 40 patients in each group. The control group was treated with sterile dressing to repair the wound, and the observation group was treated with recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) to repair the wound. The skin water content, clinical efficacy and recovery time of wound indexes were compared between the two groups. Results The skin water content of the study group was better than that of the control group (P <0.05). The total effective rate of the study group was 92.50%, which was higher than 72.50% of the control group (P <0.05). The recovery time of each index in the study group was shorter than that in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Recombinant human epidermal growth factor is effective in repairing wounds after fractional laser surgery, which can increase skin water content, improve the total effective rate of treatment, and accelerate the recovery time of various indicators of wounds.