Objective To explore the effect of incision nursing mode based on evidence-based medicine on the aesthetics and emotional state of patients with cesarean section. Methods From June 2022 to June 2023, 102 primiparas who underwent cesarean section in the Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University/Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 51 primiparas in each group. The control group was given routine nursing, while the observation group was given incision nursing mode based on evidence-based medicine on this basis. The Patient Scar Assessment Scale (PSAS), Observer Scar Assessment Scale (OSAS), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (Zung-SDS) and Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (Zung-SAS) were compared between the two groups. Results The each dimension score and total score of PSAS, OSAS and DLQI in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). The Zung-SDS depression level and (Zung-SAS) anxiety level of the observation group were better than those of the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Incision nursing mode based on evidence-based medicine is helpful to improve the postoperative incision aesthetics, improve the quality of life, reduce the psychological pressure, and reduce the incidence of depression and anxiety.