Oral and maxillofacial trauma and malignant tumors and other diseases can lead to facial tissue defects, which have a certain impact on the aesthetics and function of patients. Tissue flap repair has a positive clinical effect in improving the oral and maxillofacial defects and appearance of patients, but its surgical treatment effect is closely related to postoperative nursing. In this paper, the tissue flap transplantation is summarized, and the nursing of tissue flap repair of oral and maxillofacial defects is reviewed.