Objective To evaluate the effects of screw retention and adhesive retention on periodontal health and bone resorption in patients with implant crown restoration. Methods Sixty patients with implant crown restoration who were treated in our hospital from February 2020 to February 2023 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 30 patients in each group. The control group was treated with screw retention repair, and the observation group was treated with adhesive retention repair. The modified plaque index, modified bleeding index and bone resorption at 1 year after operation were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the modified plaque index grade 0 rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the proportion of modified bleeding index between the two groups after treatment (P >0.05). The bone resorption of the observation group at 1 year after operation was (0.44±0.11) mm, which was slightly higher than (0.43±0.12) mm of the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P >0.05). Conclusion The effect of screw retention and adhesive retention in patients with implant crown restoration i s similar. Both retention methods can achieve stable repair effect, but adhesive retention repair treatment is more conducive to improving periodontal plaque, which is worthy of clinical application.