Mitochondrial fragmentation is a complex process involving multiple regulatory mechanisms. It is regulated by a variety of proteins, including mitochondrial fusion proteins, mitochondrial fission proteins and some other proteins such as MITOPLD, MIRO-1, MCU and so on. At the same time, mitochondrial fragmentation plays an important role in acute trauma repair. Mitochondrial dysfunction and fragmentation can be found in acute mechanical injury and burns. In this paper, the regulatory mechanism of mitochondrial fragmentation in the process of skin wound repair is discussed, and its key role in wound repair is elucidated, in order to provide new ideas and theoretical support for the innovation and development of wound treatment methods.