Objective To investigate the clinical effect of light-cured composite resin in the treatment of oral aesthetic restoration. Methods A total of 60 patients who received oral aesthetic restoration in our hospital from January 2022 to February 2023 were selected as the research objects. According to the type of injury, they were divided into dental fluorosis group and dental malformation group, with 30 patients in each group. Both groups were treated with light-cured composite resin. The repair effect, repair satisfaction and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The effective rate of repair in the dental fluorosis group was 96.67%, which was higher than that in the dental malformation group (83.33%) (P <0.05). The satisfaction rate of the dental fluorosis group was 90.00%, which was higher than that of the dental malformation group (83.33%) (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P >0.05). Conclusion The repair effect of light-cured composite resin in oral aesthetic restoration is definite. Compared with dental malformation, the repair effect of dental fluorosis is better, which can better meet the requirements of patients for oral aesthetic restoration, it is an effective and safe repair method and is worthy of application.