Objective To compare the effect of Q-switched 1064 nm laser and M22 advanced optimal pulse technology in the treatment of chloasma. Methods A total of 90 patients with chloasma admitted to Nanjing Xiukeer Medical Beauty Clinic from August 2020 to August 2022 were randomly divided into control group and study group, with 45 patients in each group. The control group was treated with Q-switched 1064 nm laser, and the study group was treated with M22 advanced optimal pulse technology. The clinical efficacy, VISIA skin image analysis results, skin property test results and treatment time were compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in the total effective rate between the two groups (P >0.05). After treatment, the scores of pigment spots, wrinkles, texture, pores and porphyrins in the study group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). After treatment, the results of pH value, moisture, elasticity and oil in the study group were better than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the treatment onset time and total treatment time between the two groups (P >0.05). Conclusion Both M22 advanced optimal pulse technology and Q-switched 1064 nm laser technology can achieve ideal results in the treatment of chloasma, and there is no significant difference in the course of treatment. However, M22 advanced optimal pulse technology has a better effect on improving skin quality and is conducive to promoting the recovery of skin lesions.