Objective To explore the effect of refined wound dressing nursing on the wound healing aesthetics and satisfaction. Methods From January to December 2023, 70 patients with surgical wound dressing change in the Navy Medical Center were selected as the research objects, and they were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 35 patients in each group. The control group was given routine nursing, and the observation group was given refined wound dressing nursing. The wound healing, pain and anxiety score, scar aesthetics score, complication rate and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results The time of wound cleaning and wound healing in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group (P <0.05). The scores of pain and anxiety in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). The score of scar aesthetics in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group (11.43%) was lower than that in the control group (34.29%) (P <0.05). The nursing satisfaction of the observation group (97.14%) was higher than that of the control group (80.00%) (P <0.05). Conclusion Refined wound dressing change nursing for patients with wound dressing change is helpful to reduce the degree of pain, negative emotion, improve scar aesthetics, and reduce the incidence of complications such as wound healing time and infection, which is worthy of clinical application.