Objective To explore the application effect of straight wire arch correction technology in the treatment of children's dental malformation during mixed dentition period. Methods From January 2023 to January 2024, 100 children who received orthodontic treatment of tooth deformity in mixed dentition in our hospital were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 50 children in each group. The control group was treated with edgewise correction technique, and the observation group was treated with straight wire correction technique. The clinical efficacy, masticatory function, swallowing function, language function and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the observation group was 96.00%, which was higher than 80.00% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The masticatory efficiency and bite force of the two groups after treatment were better than those before treatment, and those of the observation group were better than those of the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). The scores of swallowing function and language function in the two groups after treatment were higher than those before treatment, and those of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 4.00%, which was lower than 18.00% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of dental deformity correction in children during mixed dentition period, straight wire arch correction technology can effectively improve the masticatory efficiency and bite force, improve swallowing and language function, reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, and improve the correction effect.