Objective To explore the effect of needle-free water light combined with intensive pulsed light on patients with chloasma and its effect on pigmentation. Methods A total of 60 patients with chloasma admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into reference group and experimental group by random number table method, with 30 patients in each group. The reference group was treated with intensive pulsed light, and the experimental group was treated with needle-free water light combined with intensive pulsed light. The clinical efficacy, pigmentation, chloasma and recurrence were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the experimental group was 93.33%, which was higher than 63.33% in the reference group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The pigmentation of the experimental group was better than that of the reference group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). After treatment, the MASI score of the experimental group was lower than that of the reference group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The recurrence rate of the experimental group was 3.33%, which was lower than 23.33% of the reference group, and the difference w as statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The effect of needle-free water light combined with intensive pulsed light in the treatment of chloasma is good, which can effectively reduce pigmentation and the degree of chloasma. Meanwhile, the recurrence rate after treatment is low, and the long-term effect is good. It is worthy of clinical appli cation.