Objective To analyze the overall effect of orthodontics combined with oral implantation in the treatment of dentition defect. Methods A total of 76 patients with dentition defect admitted to Panzhou People's Hospital from August 2020 to August 2022 were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 38 patients in each group. The control group was given oral implantation treatment, and the observation group was given orthodontic combined with oral implantation treatment. The clinical efficacy, cosmetic effect, dental function and discomfort of the two groups were compared. Results The excellent and good rate of treatment in the observation group was 97.37%, which was higher than 81.58% in the control group (P <0.05). The proportion of complete coverage of anterior teeth, good overbite, neat arrangement of teeth and good occlusion of posterior teeth in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P <0.05). After treatment, the scores of pronunciation function, masticatory function and fixation function in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 10.53%, which was lower than 31.58% in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion The application of orthodontics combined with oral implantation in patients with dentition defect is effective, which can improve the aesthetics of dentition and dental function, and has less discomfort. It is worthy of clinical application.