Objective To investigate the aesthetic effect of transparent preformed crown of anterior teeth in the restoration of primary anterior teeth and its influence on oral health. Methods From May 2021 to December 2023, a total of 68 patients with primary anterior teeth restoration admitted to the Department of Pediatric Stomatology, Yancheng Stomatological Hospital were selected as the research subjects, and they were divided into control group and observation group by the random number table method, with 34 patients in each group. The control group was treated with Light-cured resin-filled restoration technique, and the observation group was treated with transparent preformed crown restoration of anterior teeth. The aesthetic effect, repair effect, oral health and complications were compared between the two groups. Results The scores of appearance, surface texture, red and white aesthetics in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The total effective rate of repair in the observation group (97.06%) was higher than that in the control group (82.35%) (P <0.05). After repair, the score of oral health in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group (5.88%) was lower than that in the control group (11.76%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P >0.05). Conclusion The application of transparent preformed crown restoration of anterior teeth in the restoration of primary anterior teeth has a positive effect on improving the aesthetic effect, as well as restoring dental function and maintaining occlusal relationship, ensuring the oral health of children, with a certain degree of safety, which is worthy of clinical application.