Objective To analyse the effect of orthodontics on dental aesthetics and masticatory function in patients with anterior teeth displacement caused by periodontal disease. Methods A total of 90 patients with anterior teeth displacement caused by periodontal disease admitted to Jiangmen Municipal Stomatological Hospital Waihai Dental Clinic from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected as the research subjects, and they were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 45 patients in each group. The control group was treated with conventional periodontal disease therapy, and the observation group was treated with orthodontic therapy after conventional periodontal disease therapy. The dental aesthetics, masticatory function, treatment effect, periodontal health index and quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the dental aesthetics score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P <0.05). After treatment, the EMG data of chewing movement of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the occlusal distance of the anterior teeth was lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). The total effective rate of treatment in the observation group (97.78%) was higher than that in the control group (66.67%) (P <0.05). After treatment, the PD and PLI in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). The quality of life scores of each dimension in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Orthodontics after conventional periodontal disease therapy of patients with anterior teeth displacement caused by periodontal disease can effectively improve the dental aesthetics, enhance patients' masticatory function, and improve the periodontal health level and quality of life. The clinical application value is exact.