Objective To explore the clinical effect of conventional surgery combined with plastic surgery in the treatment of cicatricial contracture deformity after hand burn and its influence on hand function. Methods A total of 70 patients with cicatricial contracture deformity after hand burn admitted to Nanchong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 2021 to May 2023 were selected as the research subjects, and they were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 35 patients in each group. The control group was treated with conventional surgery, and the observation group was treated with conventional surgery combined with plastic surgery. The hand joint functional activity, appearance satisfaction, complications and quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the TAM of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The appearance satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was 5.71%, which was lower than 22.86% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). After treatment, the quality of life score in the observation group was better than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Conventional surgery combined with plastic surgery is effective in the treatment of cicatricial contracture deformity after hand burn. It can promote the recovery of hand function, improve appearance satisfaction, enhance the quality of life of patients, and have high safety.