Objective To investigate the effect of nursing intervention based on the concept of evidence-based nursing on the efficacy and safety of hair removal in patients with semiconductor laser hair removal. Methods From January to December 2023, 130 patients who received semiconductor laser hair removal in the Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University were selected as the research subjects, and they were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 65 patients in each group. The control group was given conventional nursing intervention, and the observation group was given nursing intervention based on the concept of evidence-based nursing. The hair removal efficacy, clinical related indexes, adverse reactions, nursing satisfaction and pain level were compared between the two groups. Results The scores of hair removal efficacy in the observation group were higher than those in the control group at 1, 3 and 5 months after hair removal (P<0.05). The total number of hair removal in the observation group was less than that in the control group, the hair removal interval time, the hair removal total time and the burning sensation regression time were shorter than those in the control group, and the laser energy was higher than that in the control group (P <0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 4.62%, which was lower than 13.85% in the control group (P <0.05). The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was 98.46%, which was higher than 87.69% of the control group (P <0.05). The VAS score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group at 1 and 2 h after hair removal (P <0.05). Conclusion The application of nursing intervention based on the concept of evidence-based nursing in patients with semiconductor laser hair removal can effectively improve hair removal efficacy and prevent the occurrence of related adverse reactions, which is helpful to improve the safety of hair removal. At the same time, it can also reduce the number of hair removal, shorten hair removal time, reduce pain degree, which is of positive significance for improving nursing satisfaction.