Objective To analyze the value of periodontal reconstructive surgery combined with oral implant restoration for dentition defect. Methods From May 2023 to May 2024, 100 patients with dentition defect admitted to Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Anhui Medical University were selected, and they were divided into control group and experimental group according to the random number table method, with 50 patients in each group. The control group was restored with oral implant restoration, and the experimental group was restored with periodontal reconstructive surgery and oral implant restoration. The clinical efficacy, periodontal indexes, masticatory function and complications were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate in the experimental group was 96.00%, which was higher than 76.00% in the control group (P <0.05). After treatment, the bleeding index, periodontal index and periodontal probing depth in the experimental group were better than those in the control group (P <0.05). The CFQ score in the experimental group after treatment was higher than that in the control group (P <0.05). The incidence of complications in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion For patients with dentition defect, periodontal reconstructive surgery combined with oral implant restoration can enhance the clinical efficacy, improve their periodontal indexes and masticatory function, and reduce the incidence of complications.