The skin, serving as the as the first line of defense to protect the body, is frequently damaged to varying degrees due to physical, chemical, biological and other factors. Severe and extensive skin lesions are often accompanied by complications such as infections and scar formation, etc., and even lead to amputation or prove death. How to better repair large and heavy skin lesions, restore its biological function, minimize scar, and reduce the risk of infection is one of the hot issues in current research. Clinically, appropriate wound dressings are usually selected to create a microenvironment which is beneficial for the repair of wound tissue, so as to accelerate wound healing, relieve patient pain, avoid further development of tissue inflammation, and reduce the formation of scar tissue. As a natural biomaterial, silk fibroin has excellent mechanical properties, low biological repellency, easy shaping and higher biological absorption, and has attracted much attention in wound repair. Based on this, this article reviews the characteristics of wound dressings and the application of different wound dressings in skin wound repair, in order to provide some reference for related research.