Nasal septal cartilage is one of the growth and development centers of the face, which plays a crucial role in the growth and development of bone tissues in the middle facial region and the aesthetic appearance. However, the nasal septum deviation, which is prevalent in the population, is considered to affect the normal development of the nasomaxillary complex, including the maxilla, nasal bone, palatine bone and maxillary sinus. Therefore, understanding the relationship between the nasal septum deviation and the abnormal development of the nasomaxillary complex in the middle facial region is of great significance for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of craniofacial deformities and the prevention of abnormal development of the stomatognathic system. This article reviews the relationship between the nasal septum cartilage and the development of the middle facial region, the effect of the nasal septum deviation on the development of the nasomaxillary complex in the middle facial region, and the research progress in recent years, with the hope of providing a reference for the clinical treatment of the hypoplasia of the middle facial region caused by the deviated nasal septum or the abnormal development of the nasal septum.