Objective To explore the effect of photorejuvenation technology on skin symptoms and skin barrier function in patients undergoing skin cosmetology. Methods A total of 68 patients who received skin cosmetology in the First People’s Hospital of Taicang from July 2022 to September 2023 were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into the control group and the observation group by the random number table method, with 34 patients in each group. The control group was given conventional treatment, and the observation group was given photorejuvenation technology treatment. The skin symptoms, skin barrier function, treatment effect and number of skin lesions were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the scores of skin burning, itching, erythema, dryness, papules and swelling in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). After treatment, the transepidermal water lower in the observation group was less than that in the control group, and the oil content and skin water content were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The total effective rate of treatment in the observation group was 94.12%, which was higher than 76.47% in the control group (P <0.05). After treatment, the number of acne, pustules, cysts and nodules in the observation group was less than that in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion The application of photorejuvenation technology in patients undergoing skin cosmetology can effectively improve their skin barrier function, relieve skin-related symptoms. It is also beneficial to reducing the number of skin lesions and enhancing the treatment effect, which is worthy of clinical application.