Objective To explore the effect of oral implant restoration in patients with dentition defect. Methods A total of 120 patients with dentition defect admitted to our hospital from August 2021 to August 2023 were selected as the research subjects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into the control group and the experimental group, with 60 patients in each group. The control group received traditional restoration treatment, and the experimental group received oral implant restoration treatment. The treatment effect, oral health condition, aesthetic satisfaction with restoration and complications were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the experimental group was 96.67%, which was higher than 85.00% in the control group (P <0.05). After treatment, GI, PD, BI and PLI in the experimental group were better than those in the control group (P <0.05). The aesthetic satisfaction with restoration in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group, and the incidence of complications was lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Compared with traditional restoration, oral implant restoration can improve the treatment effect in patients with dentition defect, enhance the oral health condition, increase the aesthetic satisfaction with restoration, and reduce the incidence of complications.