The vital tooth bleaching technique is a common method in stomatology for treating discolored and stained teeth. It has the advantages of simple operation, no need for tooth grinding, and good cosmetic outcomes, so it has been widely used in clinical oral practice. With the increasing demand for tooth bleaching, the vital tooth bleaching technique has also developed rapidly. Currently, there are many types of techniques, including cold light whitening, laser whitening, combination whitening, etc. However, in terms of the current application of the vital tooth bleaching technique in stomatology, there are certain limitations in the depth and scope of relevant research. Therefore, this paper reviews the types and applications of the vital tooth bleaching technique, aiming to promote its wider application in clinical practice.