Objective To explore the effect of immediate implantation and immediate restoration on alveolar bone resorption around the implant and oral health status in patients with single tooth loss in the maxillary anterior region. Methods A total of 100 patients with single tooth loss in the maxillary anterior region admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to August 2024 were selected. According to the random number table method, they were divided into the control group and the study group, with 50 patients in each group. The control group received delayed implantation and restoration, and the study group received immediate implantation and immediate restoration. The alveolar bone resorption amount around the implant, periodontal indexes, gingival crevicular fluid level and aesthetic effect were compared between the two groups. Results The average amount of alveolar bone resorption around the implant in the study group at 3 months after surgery was (0.92±0.02)mm, which was lower than (1.02±0.13)mm in the control group (P <0.05). After implantation, the SBI, SPD and GI in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). After implantation, the levels of hs-CRP, lipase and lipopolysaccharide in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). After implantation, the scores of PES and WES in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Immediate implantation and immediate restoration can reduce the amount of alveolar bone resorption in patients with single tooth loss in the maxillary anterior region, effectively improve the soft tissue around the implant, reduce the level of gingival crevicular fluid, and ensure the aesthetic degree, which is worthy of clinical application.