Adolescent skeletal class Ⅱ mandibular retrognathia is a common disease in clinical stomatology. Patients have sagittal developmental abnormalities such as maxillary protrusion and mandibular retrognathia. If not treated in time, it will not only affect facial aesthetics but also oral function. Currently, the peak period of growth and development is considered the best timing for the orthodontic treatment of skeletal class Ⅱ mandibular retrognathia. With the rapid progress of invisible orthodontic technology, invisible functional orthodontics has gradually been applied in clinical practice. Compared with traditional two-phase orthodontic treatment, this technology can simultaneously perform mandibular advancement, dentition alignment and dental arch coordination, which greatly improves the orthodontic efficiency and shortens the treatment time. This paper reviews the growth and development characteristics of adolescents skeletal class Ⅱ mandibular retrognathia and the features of invisible functional orthodontic treatment, aiming to provide theoretical guidance for improving the diagnosis and treatment effect of such patients.