Objective To study the influencing factors on bone graft absorption rate after implant restoration in patients with alveolar bone defect in maxillary anterior region. Methods The clinical data of 100 patients with alveolar bone defect in maxillary anterior region admitted to our hospital from March to August 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the level of the bone graft absorption rate, they were divided into group A (high absorption rate) and group B (low absorption rate). Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the influencing factors on bone graft absorption rate after implant restoration. Results There were significant differences in age, bone graft material, vertical defect distance and alveolar ridge concave depth between the two groups (P <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥60 years old, allogeneic bone graft, large vertical defect distance and large alveolar ridge concave depth were risk factors affecting bone graft absorption (OR>1, P <0.05). Conclusion The bone graft absorption rate after implant restoration in patients with alveolar bone defect in maxillary anterior region is easily affected by many factors. For example, patients with age ≥60 years old, allogeneic bone graft, large vertical defect distance and large alveolar ridge concave depth should be paid special attention in clinical practice. The implant plan should be optimized in time according to the influencing factors.