Objective To explore the effect of nursing intervention based on health action process approach on marginal bone absorption and periodontal health indexes in patients with immediate implantation for traumatic tooth loss. Methods A total of 84 patients who underwent immediate implantation for traumatic tooth loss and were admitted to Honghuagang District Stomatological Hospital from February 2023 to February 2024 were selected, and they were divided into the reference group and the observation group by the random number table method, with 42 patients in each group. The reference group received conventional nursing, and the observation group received nursing intervention based on health action process approach on the basis of conventional nursing. The marginal bone absorption, periodontal health indexes, masticatory function and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results The marginal bone absorption in the observation group at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year after operation was less than that in the reference group (P <0.05). The PLI, PD and BI in the two groups at 1 year after operation were lower than before operation, and those in the observation group were lower than those in the reference group (P <0.05). The masticatory efficiency and occlusal force in the two groups at 1 year after operation than before operation, and those in the observation group were higher than those in the reference group (P <0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group (4.76%) was lower than that in the reference group (26.19%) (P <0.05). Conclusion The implementation of nursing intervention based on health action process approachin patients with immediate implantation for traumatic tooth loss has a good effect. It can improve the marginal bone absorption, optimize the periodontal health indexes, promote the recovery of masticatory function, and has a positive effect on reducing the incidence of complications. It is worthy of clinical application.