Dental hard tissues, as one of the hardest tissues in the human body, play important roles in chewing, pronunciation and aesthetics. With the continuous development of oral prosthetics, in-depth research on the mechanical properties of dental hard tissues and the matching full crown restorative materials have become the current hotspot in the field of dentistry. If the dental tissue is structurally deficient, full crown restoration is required depending on teeth defect. Materials currently used for full crown restorations include metal, ceramics, and polyetherketone, etc. Metal materials can ensure hardness but cannot meet the aesthetic needs of patients. Ceramic materials have different compositions, a wide variety of types, and differences in elastic modulus and hardness. Clinically, appropriate ceramic materials can be reasonably selected according to the actual situation of patients' teeth. In recent years, there have been many reports on oral full crown restoration. Industry scholars generally believe that when performing oral full crown restoration, the adaptability of the restoration material to the mechanical properties of dental hard tissues must be considered to ensure the long-term stability of the restored teeth. Therefore, this research focuses on the mechanical properties of dental hard tissues and full crown restoration materials, summarizes the relevant research progress in recent years, and aims to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of clinical restoration materials and the research and development of new materials.