Objective To compare the application value of bionic double eyelid surgery via repositioning the levator aponeurosis of the upper eyelid and traditional incisional double eyelid surgery. Methods A total of 386 patients who underwent double eyelid surgery in Xiangyang Huamei Medical Aesthetic & Plastic Hospital from March 2021 to April 2024 were selected as the research subjects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into the control group and the observation group, with 193 patients in each group. The control group received traditional incisional double eyelid surgery, and the observation group received bionic double eyelid surgery via repositioning the levator aponeurosis of the upper eyelid. The double eyelid width, palpebral fissure height, incision healing, facial plastic surgery satisfaction and complications were compared between the two groups. Results The postoperative double eyelid width and palpebral fissure height in the observation group were less than those in the control group (P <0.05). The scores of color, blood vessel distribution, thickness and softness in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). The satisfaction scores of appearance satisfaction, health-related quality of life, postoperative function, and adverse reaction in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group (3.11%) was lower than that in the control group (6.74%) (P <0.05). Conclusion Bionic double eyelid surgery via repositioning the levator aponeurosis of the upper eyelid provides appropriate double eyelid width and good incision healing, which can improve the aesthetic satisfaction, and reduce the incidence of complications.