Objective To explore the application value of minimally invasive tooth extraction combined with gingivoplasty in aesthetic denture restoration. Methods A total of 60 patients who underwent aesthetic denture restoration in our hospital from January 2023 to August 2024 were selected as the research subjects, and they were divided into the reference group and the study group by the random number table method, with 30 patients in each group. The reference group received conventional tooth extraction, and the study group received minimally invasive tooth extraction combined with gingivoplasty. The inflammatory factor levels, implant stability quotient (ISQ), aesthetic score and complications were compared between the two groups. Results After restoration, the levels of TNF-α and CRP in the study group were lower than those in the reference group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The ISQ values in the study group at 1, 3 and 6 months after restoration were higher than those in the reference group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The PES scores in the study group at 1, 3 and 6 months after restoration were higher than those in the reference group, and the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). The incidence of complications in the study group (3.33%) was lower than that in the reference group (26.67%), and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The application of minimally invasive tooth extraction combined with gingivoplasty in aesthetic denture restoration can effectively improve inflammatory factor levels, enhance restoration stability and aesthetics, and improve treatment safety.