Objective To analyze the effect of zirconia all-ceramic technology on dental function and aesthetics in patients undergoing oral restoration. Methods A total of 58 patients who underwent oral restoration at People's Hospital of Luodian from January 2020 to January 2025 were selected as the research subjects, and they were divided into the reference group and the experimental group by the random number table method, with 29 patients in each group. The reference group received oral restoration with cobaltchromium alloy porcelain crown, and the experimental group received oral restoration with zirconia all-ceramic technology. The restoration effect, dental function, aesthetics, oral condition and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The proportions of intact restorations, tooth color matching and marginal adaptation in the experimental group were higher than those in the reference group (P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of occlusal function, masticatory function, and dental aesthetics in the experimental group were higher than those in the reference group (P<0.05). After treatment, the plaque index, gingival index and sulcus bleeding index in the experimental group were lower than those in the reference group (P <0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group (3.45%) was lower than that in the reference group (24.14%) (P <0.05). Conclusion The application of zirconia all-ceramic technology in oral restoration can effectively improve patients' dental function and aesthetics, enhance the restoration effect, optimize the oral condition, and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, which is worthy of clinical application.