With the development of the economy and the improvement of living conditions, people have increasing demands for the aesthetic appearance of the oral and maxillofacial region. Endoscopic technology has gradually gained widespread application in the diagnosis and treatment of oral and maxillofacial diseases due to its advantages of minimal invasion, clear vision, and precise operation, becoming an important direction in the research of oral and maxillofacial surgery. Under the background of continuous improvement in medical standards, endoscopic equipment and supporting instruments have been continuously updated, and related technologies have developed rapidly, leading to a new stage in the application of endoscopic technology in the diagnosis and treatment of oral and maxillofacial diseases. This paper focuses on the research progress of endoscopic technology in the diagnosis and treatment of oral and maxillofacial diseases, aiming to summarize its current application status, advantages and future development directions, so as to provide a reference for clinical practice and follow-up research.