Objective To analyze the effect of longitudinal track home care on periodontal health and aesthetics in patients with bracketless invisible orthodontics. Methods A total of 30 patients with bracketless invisible orthodontics in the Department of Orthodontics of our hospital from January 2022 to April 2025 were selected as the research subjects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into the control group and the study group, with 15 patients in each group. The control group received routine home care, and the study group received longitudinal track home care. The periodontal health status, aesthetics, self-care ability, self-efficacy and treatment compliance were compared between the two groups. Results After intervention, the probing depth and plaque index of the study group were lower than those of the control group (P <0.05). The aesthetics score of the study group after intervention was (1.05±0.21)scores, which was lower than (1.44±0.28)scores of the control group (P<0.05). The excellent and good rate of self-care in the study group (93.33%) was higher than that in the control group (60.00%) (P <0.05). The self-efficacy score of the study group (30.21±1.88)scores was higher than that of the control group (27.59±2.04)scores (P <0.05). The treatment compliance rate of the study group (100.00%) was higher than that of the control group (73.33%) (P <0.05). Conclusion Longitudinal track home care can improve patients' self-efficacy and self-care ability, enhance treatment compliance, and improve periodontal health status and aesthetics, which can be used during bracketless invisible orthodontics.