Objective To compare the effects of alumina all-ceramic crowns and cast porcelain veneers in aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth. Methods A total of 80 patients who underwent aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth at our hospital from May 2023 to May 2024 were selected as the research subjects. According to the admission sequence, they were divided into the control group and the study group, with 40 patients in each group. The control group was treated with cast porcelain veneer, and the study group was treated with alumina all-ceramic crown. The restoration effect, restoration condition and satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results There were no significant differences in the scores of translucency, marginal aesthetics, color and morphology between the two groups (P>0.05). The long-term integrity of the study group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). The satisfaction rate of the study group (100.00%) was higher than that of the control group (85.00%) (P<0.05). Conclusion Both alumina all-ceramic crown and cast porcelain veneer can achieve good restoration effects in aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth, but the former has a better long-term integrity and higher patient satisfaction, which is worthy of clinical application.