Objective To analyze the effective value of the improved trefoil method in the treatment of nipple reduction plastic surgery. Methods a total of 36 patients who underwent nipple reduction plastic surgery in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2024 were selected as the research objects. The simple randomization method was divided into groups, the reference group (traditional trefoil method, n=18) and the analysis group (improved trefoil method, n=18). The breast shape, areola diameter, scar score, quality of life, complication rate, operative efficiency and surgical satisfaction were compared between the two groups after the intervention. Results after the intervention, the breast shape score and nipple areola sensory score of the analysis group were higher than those of the reference group, the scar score was lower than that of the reference group, the areola diameter was shorter than that of the reference group, and the parameter difference was established (P < 0.05). After the intervention, the overall quality of life scores of the analysis group were significantly higher than those of the reference group, and the parameter differences were established (P < 0.05). The incidence of complications in the analysis group was lower than that in the reference group after the intervention, and the parameter difference was established (P < 0.05). The total effective rate of the analysis group was higher than that of the reference group after the intervention, and the parameter difference was established (P < 0.05). The overall surgical satisfaction level of the analysis group after the intervention was better than that of the reference group, and the parameter difference was established (P < 0.05). Conclusion: in the treatment of nipple reduction plastic surgery, the introduction of improved trefoil flap method can improve the general condition of breast shape and areola, improve the total effective rate of surgery, reduce the incidence of complications, and improve the level of satisfaction with surgery, which can be popularized.