Objective To investigate the effect of bracketless invisible orthodontic technology on periodontal health indexes and masticatory function in children with malocclusion. Methods A total of 91 children with malocclusion admitted to Dongying Tongtai Dental Hospital from January to September 2022 were selected as the research subjects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into the control group (n =45) and the observation group (n =46). The control group was treated with traditional fixed orthodontic technology, and the observation group was treated with bracketless invisible orthodontic technology. The aesthetic effect, orthodontic time, periodontal health indexes and masticatory function were compared between the two groups. Results The proportion of aesthetic effect class Ⅰ in the observation group (58.70%) was higher than that in the control group (28.89%) (P <0.05). The tilting tooth correction time, torsional tooth correction time and total treatment time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group (P <0.05). The levels of GI, SBI, and PLI in the observation group after correction were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in PD level between the two groups after correction (P >0.05). The masticatory function absorbance in the observation group after correction was higher than that in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Bracketless invisible orthodontic technology has a better correction effect on children with malocclusion, which is more aesthetic and convenient, and can improve the periodontal health indexes and masticatory function of children.