Objective To explore the effect of light-curing composite resin material in minimally invasive aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth. Methods A total of 70 patients who received minimally invasive aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth in Dental Clinic of Shaanxi Tusikang Medical Management Co., Ltd. from January 2023 to December 2024 were selected, and they were divided into the control group and the observation group by the random number table method, with 35 patients in each group. The control group received conventional restoration, and the observation group received light-curing composite resin restoration. The restoration success rate, restoration effect, restoration satisfaction and adverse reaction rate were compared between the two groups. Results The restoration success rate of the observation group (97.14%) was higher than that of the control group (57.14%) (P <0.05). The total effective rate of restoration in the observation group (97.14%) was higher than that in the control group (60.00%) (P <0.05). The restoration satisfaction scores for multi-tooth staining or discoloration, microdontia, diastema, tooth surface defect and incisal defect in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group (5.17%) was lower than that in the control group (31.43%) (P <0.05). Conclusion The application of light-curing composite resin material in minimally invasive aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth can effectively improve the restoration success rate, and has a positive effect on enhancing the overall restoration effect, with higher patient satisfaction after restoration and lower incidence of adverse reactions, which is worthy of clinical application.