Objective To analyze the effect of oral implant restoration on dental aesthetics in patients with dentition defect. Methods A total of 100 patients with dentition defect admitted to the Department of Stomatology, 92786 Military Hospital from January to December 2024 were selected as the research subjects, and they were divided into the control group and the experimental group according to the random number table method, with 50 patients in each group. The control group was given fixed denture restoration, and the experimental group was given oral implant restoration. The oral function, periodontal tissue health, dental aesthetics, aesthetic restoration satisfaction and occlusal function were compared between the two groups. Results The scores of speech function, masticatory function and fixation function in the experimental group after treatment were better than those in the control group (P<0.05). The gingival index, periodontal pocket depth and plaque index in the experimental group were better than those in the control group (P<0.05). The scores of color match, dental anatomical shape, gingival margin staining and marginal adaptation in the experimental group were better than those in the control group (P<0.05). The satisfaction rate of the experimental group (98.00%) was higher than that of the control group (84.00%) (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in MF, MFT and occlusal rate between the two groups after treatment (P >0.05). Conclusion Oral implant restoration for patients with dentition defect can improve their oral function and periodontal condition, with better dental aesthetics after restoration and higher patient satisfaction.