At present, with the continuous development of information technology, artificial intelligence technology has become increasingly mature and has been applied across multiple fields. The application of artificial intelligence technology in the medical field plays a pivotal role in disease diagnosis, adjuvant treatment and efficacy prediction. In dental imaging examinations, artificial intelligence is still in its early stages, mainly focusing on detection and classification, diagnosis, image segmentation, etc. This paper reviews the overview of core artificial intelligence technologies, the specific application of artificial intelligence in dental imaging, and the limitations of artificial intelligence in imaging diagnosis of oral diseases, aiming to provide effective references for the expansion of the application scope of this technology in the future.