Objective To explore the effect of high-density autologous hair transplantation on hair improvement degree and aesthetics in patients with seborrheic alopecia. Methods A total of 70 patients with seborrheic alopecia admitted to Beijing Biliancheng Medical Beauty Clinic Co., Ltd. from January 2023 to May 2024 were selected as the research subjects, and they were divided into the control group and the study group by the random number table method, with 35 patients in each group. The control group was treated with traditional density autologous hair transplantation, and the study group was treated with high-density autologous hair transplantation. The hair improvement degree, aesthetics and quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results The total hair density and effective hair density in the recipient area, hair coverage rate and aesthetic score of the study group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The scores of health status, pain, mental health, role physical, vitality, physical functioning, role emotional and social functioning in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion The application of high-density autologous hair transplantation in the treatment of seborrheic alopecia can effectively increase hair density and coverage, improve hair aesthetics, without increasing complications, thus effectively improving patients' quality of life.