Objective To explore the aesthetic effect of immediate implant restoration of maxillary anterior teeth and its influence on labial bone volume and periodontal tissue health. Methods A total of 70 patients with maxillary anterior teeth implant restoration admitted to Shanghai Jiading District Central Hospital from January to December 2023 were selected as the research subjects, and they were divided into the control group and the observation group by the random number table method, with 35 patients in each group. The control group was given delayed implant restoration, and the observation group was given immediate implant restoration. The aesthetic effect, labial bone volume, bone resorption rate, periodontal tissue health, implant status, implant success rate and satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results The PES scores and bone resorption rate in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the labial bone volume was lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). The periodontal tissue health score of the observation group at 6 months after restoration was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). The implant length and diameter in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The implant success rate (97.14%) and satisfaction (97.14%) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (74.29%, 65.71%) (P <0.05). Conclusion The effect of immediate implant restoration of maxillary anterior teeth is better than delayed implant restoration, which can improve the aesthetics and stability of restoration, reduce the influence on periodontal tissue, and increase the implant success rate and patient satisfaction.