Objective To analyze the effect of all-ceramic crown combined with quartz fiber post on repair effect and aesthetic degree in patients with anterior tooth defect. Methods A total of 60 patients with anterior tooth defect admitted to our hospital from January 2023 to December 2024 were selected, and they were divided into the control group and the study group by the random number table method, with 30 patients in each group. The control group was treated with all-ceramic crown combined with glass fiber post, and the study group was treated with all-ceramic crown combined with quartz fiber post. The repair effect, aesthetic degree, inflammatory factor levels and masticatory function were compared between the two groups. Results The repair success rate of the study group at 3 months after repair was 96.67%, which was higher than 73.33% of the control group (P <0.05). The repair success rate of the study group at 6 months after repair was 90.00%, which was higher than 66.67% of the control group (P <0.05). The scores of shape matching, color matching, sensitivity, secondary caries, wear and fracture and marginal adaptation in the study group at 6 months after repair were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the study group at 6 months after repair were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). The occlusal force and masticatory efficiency in the study group at 6 months after repair were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion All-ceramic crown combined with quartz fiber post has a high success rate in the repair of anterior tooth defect, which can reduce the levels of inflammatory factors in gingival crevicular fluid, improve the aesthetic degree of repair, and promote the recovery of patients' masticatory function.