Objective To explore the effect of immediate implantation and immediate restoration in maxillary anterior region on aesthetic degree in patients with maxillary anterior tooth defect. Methods A total of 100 patients with maxillary anterior tooth defect admitted to our hospital from March 2022 to June 2024 were selected, and they were divided into the control group and the observation group by the random number table method, with 50 patients in each group. The control group was treated with delayed implantation and immediate restoration in maxillary anterior region, and the observation group was treated with immediate implantation and immediate restoration in maxillary anterior region. The bone resorption-related indicators, peri-implant tissue health, aesthetic degree and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results The alveolar ridge bone resorption value in the observation group at 3 and 6 months after restoration was lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). The mBI score and PD index in the observation group at 3 and 6 months after restoration were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). The scores of PES and WES in the observation group at 3 and 6 months after restoration were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group after restoration (6.00%) was lower than that in the control group (24.00%) (P <0.05). Conclusion Immediate implantation and immediate restoration in maxillary anterior region for patients with maxillary anterior tooth defect can reduce bone resorption, improve peri-implant tissue health and aesthetic degree, and reduce the complications.